Swich Statement in C

Date- Sep 23,2023

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In C, the switch statement is a control structure used for making decisions based on the value of a variable or expression. It allows you to test a variable against a list of values (cases) and execute a block of code associated with the first matching case.

Here's how the switch statement works:

1. The switch keyword is followed by an expression (usually a variable) enclosed in parentheses. This expression is evaluated to determine which case to execute.
2. Inside the switch block, you list one or more case labels. Each case label represents a possible value that the expression might have.
3. When the switch statement is executed, it compares the value of the expression to each case constant sequentially.
4. If a match is found (i.e., if the expression's value is equal to a case constant), the code block associated with that case is executed.
5. The break statement is used to exit the switch block. Without break, the execution would continue into subsequent case blocks until a break is encountered or the switch block ends.
6. If none of the case values matches the expression, the default block is executed (if it exists). The default block is optional and serves as a fallback.

Here's the basic syntax of a switch statement:


switch (expression) {
    case constant 1:
        // Code to be executed if expression equals constant 1
        break;
    case constant 2:
        // Code to be executed if expression equals constant 2
        break;
   
    default:
        // Code to be executed if no case matches
}
In this example, the user enters a number, and the switch statement determines which option was chosen based on the input value. If the input doesn't match any of the cases, the default block is executed.

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